是一个比较大的项目,需要设计和实现许多不同的功能,包括用户注册和登录、列车信息管理、票务管理、支付处理等等。下面是一个简单的Python实现,提供一个基本的框架,可以根据需要进行修改和扩展。
首先,需要使用Python的一个web框架,比如Django或Flask。这里以Flask为例,具体步骤如下:
创建一个Flask应用程序
from flask import Flask app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/') def index(): return 'Hello, World!'
设计数据库模型
这里使用SQLite作为数据库,设计两个表格,分别存储用户信息和车票信息:
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///tickets.db' db = SQLAlchemy(app) class User(db.Model): id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False) password = db.Column(db.String(120), nullable=False) class Ticket(db.Model): id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) train_no = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False) departure_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False) arrival_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False) price = db.Column(db.Float, nullable=False) count = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=False)
创建用户注册和登录功能
from flask import request, redirect, url_for, render_template, session from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash @app.route('/register', methods=['GET', 'POST']) def register(): if request.method == 'POST': username = request.form['username'] password = request.form['password'] user = User(username=username, password=generate_password_hash(password)) db.session.add(user) db.session.commit() return redirect(url_for('login')) return render_template('register.html') @app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST']) def login(): if request.method == 'POST': username = request.form['username'] password = request.form['password'] user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first() if user and check_password_hash(user.password, password): session['user_id'] = user.id return redirect(url_for('index')) else: return render_template('login.html', error='Invalid username or password') return render_template('login.html')
创建列车信息管理功能
@app.route('/trains', methods=['GET']) def trains(): trains = Ticket.query.all() return render_template('trains.html', trains=trains) @app.route('/trains/new', methods=['GET', 'POST']) def new_train(): if request.method == 'POST': train_no = request.form['train_no'] departure_time = request.form['departure_time'] arrival_time = request.form['arrival_time'] price = request.form['price'] count = request.form['count'] ticket = Ticket(train_no=train_no, departure_time=departure_time, arrival_time=arrival_time, price=price, count=count) db.session.add(ticket) db.session.commit() return redirect(url_for('trains')) return render_template('new_train.html')
创建票务管理和支付处理功能
@app.route('/trains/<int:id>/book', methods=['POST']) def book_train(id): ticket = Ticket.query.get(id) if ticket.count > 0: ticket.count -= 1 db.session.commit() return 'Booked successfully' else: return 'No tickets available' @app.route('/trains/<int:id>/cancel', methods=['POST']) def cancel_train(id): ticket = Ticket.query.get(id) ticket.count += 1 db.session.commit() return 'Cancelled successfully' @app.route('/checkout', methods=['POST']) def checkout(): user_id = session.get('user_id') if not user_id: return redirect(url_for('login')) tickets = [] total_price = 0 for key, value in request.form.items(): if key.startswith('ticket_') and value.isdigit(): ticket_id = int(key[len('ticket_'):]) count = int(value) ticket = Ticket.query.get(ticket_id) if ticket.count >= count: tickets.append((ticket, count)) total_price += ticket.price * count else: return 'Not enough tickets available' if total_price > 0: return render_template('checkout.html', tickets=tickets, total_price=total_price) else: return 'No tickets selected'
创建模板文件
最后,需要创建一些HTML模板文件,用于显示不同的页面,比如注册页面、登录页面、列车信息页面、购票页面等等。这些模板文件需要使用Jinja2模板引擎,可以在Flask应用程序中配置Jinja2来使用。以下是一个简单的HTML模板文件示例:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>{{ title }}</title> </head> <body> <h1>{{ title }}</h1> {% if message %} <p>{{ message }}</p> {% endif %} <form method="post" action="{{ action }}"> <label for="username">Username:</label> <input type="text" name="username" id="username" required> <br> <label for="password">Password:</label> <input type="password" name="password" id="password" required> <br> <input type="submit" value="{{ button_label }}"> </form> </body> </html>
以上是一个简单的Python实现高铁售票系统的示例,其中涉及到许多细节需要处理,比如身份验证、数据验证、错误处理等等。需要根据实际需求进行修改和扩展。
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